1)需求說明
在虛擬機中,我們在服務器開機的狀態下添加新的磁盤或者說從存儲上映射某個LUN區域給服務器,不重啟系統的情況下,往往不能夠直接識別到磁盤,在遇到這種情況的時候,我們可以讓系統重新掃描讓服務器重新識別到磁盤。
2)處理步驟
下面看一下在系統不重啟的情況,如何讓系統認識新的磁盤,并能對其分區與格式化
1、在開機狀態下新增磁盤
2、執行下面的命令
echo "- – -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
特別注意
① “- – -” 這三個-之間是有空格的
② 假如 fdisk -l 還是未發現新硬盤,則將上面命令中的host0,替換為host1,host2,….看看
我們再查看系統日志/var/log/messages,發現對SCSI設備進行了一次重新掃描,用fdisk -l也看到了新增加的磁盤了。上面的命令主要的目的就是scan the SCSI bus。
3)操作步驟
a、查看磁盤分區信息(這里我們在虛擬機中已經添加了磁盤)
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l 磁盤 /dev/sda:107.4 GB, 107374182400 字節,209715200 個扇區 Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節 / 512 字節 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節 / 512 字節 磁盤標簽類型:dos 磁盤標識符:0x00039749 設備 Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 105883647 52428800 83 Linux /dev/sda3 105883648 114010111 4063232 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 114010112 209715199 47852544 5 Extended /dev/sda5 114012160 134983679 10485760 83 Linux
b、執行操作指令
[root@localhost ~]# cd /sys/class/scsi_host/ [root@localhost scsi_host]# ls host0 host1 host2 [root@localhost scsi_host]# echo "- - -" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
c、再次查看磁盤的分區信息
[root@localhost scsi_host]# fdisk -l 磁盤 /dev/sda:107.4 GB, 107374182400 字節,209715200 個扇區 Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節 / 512 字節 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節 / 512 字節 磁盤標簽類型:dos 磁盤標識符:0x00039749 設備 Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83 Linux /dev/sda2 1026048 105883647 52428800 83 Linux /dev/sda3 105883648 114010111 4063232 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda4 114010112 209715199 47852544 5 Extended /dev/sda5 114012160 134983679 10485760 83 Linux 磁盤 /dev/sdb:21.5 GB, 21474836480 字節,41943040 個扇區 Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節 / 512 字節 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節 / 512 字節 磁盤 /dev/sdc:21.5 GB, 21474836480 字節,41943040 個扇區 Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節 / 512 字節 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節 / 512 字節 磁盤 /dev/sdd:21.5 GB, 21474836480 字節,41943040 個扇區 Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節 / 512 字節 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節 / 512 字節 磁盤 /dev/sde:21.5 GB, 21474836480 字節,41943040 個扇區 Units = 扇區 of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes 扇區大小(邏輯/物理):512 字節 / 512 字節 I/O 大小(最小/最佳):512 字節 / 512 字節
經過對比,可以發現,磁盤已經被識別了!
d、查看日志相關的信息
[root@localhost scsi_host]# tail -20 /var/log/messages Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.4 GB/20.0 GiB) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Cache data unavailable Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sdb: unknown partition table Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:2:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:4: Domain Validation skipping write tests Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:4: Ending Domain Validation Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:4: FAST-40 WIDE SCSI 80.0 MB/s ST (25 ns, offset 127) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.4 GB/20.0 GiB) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Write Protect is off Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Cache data unavailable Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sdd: unknown partition table Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sde: unknown partition table Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:50:01 localhost systemd: Starting Session 132 of user root. Jul 18 15:50:01 localhost systemd: Started Session 132 of user root. [root@localhost scsi_host]# tail -40 /var/log/messages Jul 18 15:49:18 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Write Protect is off Jul 18 15:49:18 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Cache data unavailable Jul 18 15:49:18 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Assuming drive cache: write through Jul 18 15:49:18 localhost kernel: scsi 0:0:2:0: Direct-Access VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 Jul 18 15:49:18 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:2: Beginning Domain Validation Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:2: Domain Validation skipping write tests Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:2: Ending Domain Validation Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:2: FAST-40 WIDE SCSI 80.0 MB/s ST (25 ns, offset 127) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi 0:0:3:0: Direct-Access VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:3: Beginning Domain Validation Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:3: Domain Validation skipping write tests Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:3: Ending Domain Validation Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:3: FAST-40 WIDE SCSI 80.0 MB/s ST (25 ns, offset 127) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi 0:0:4:0: Direct-Access VMware, VMware Virtual S 1.0 PQ: 0 ANSI: 2 Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:4: Beginning Domain Validation Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:2:0: [sdc] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.4 GB/20.0 GiB) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:2:0: [sdc] Write Protect is off Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:2:0: [sdc] Cache data unavailable Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:2:0: [sdc] Assuming drive cache: write through Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sdc: unknown partition table Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.4 GB/20.0 GiB) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Write Protect is off Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Cache data unavailable Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Assuming drive cache: write through Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sdb: unknown partition table Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:2:0: [sdc] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:4: Domain Validation skipping write tests Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:4: Ending Domain Validation Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: scsi target0:0:4: FAST-40 WIDE SCSI 80.0 MB/s ST (25 ns, offset 127) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:1:0: [sdb] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] 41943040 512-byte logical blocks: (21.4 GB/20.0 GiB) Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Write Protect is off Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Cache data unavailable Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Assuming drive cache: write through Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sdd: unknown partition table Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sde: unknown partition table Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:3:0: [sdd] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:49:19 localhost kernel: sd 0:0:4:0: [sde] Attached SCSI disk Jul 18 15:50:01 localhost systemd: Starting Session 132 of user root. Jul 18 15:50:01 localhost systemd: Started Session 132 of user root.
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