1、寫一個腳本，判斷當前系統上所有用戶的shell是否為可登錄shell（即用戶的shell不是/sbin/nologin）；分別這兩類用戶的個數；通過字符串比較來實現；
[root@localhost test]# ./exercise3.sh be eable to login users sum:5 can't login users sum:29 [root@localhost test]# cat exercise3.sh #!/bin/bash declare -i logincount=0 declare -i nologincount=0 for i in $(cut -d: -f7 /etc/passwd);do if [ "$i" == "/sbin/nologin" ];then let nologincount++ continue else let logincount++ fi done echo "be eable to login users sum:$logincount" echo "can't login users sum:$nologincount"
2、寫一個腳本
(1) 獲取當前主機的主機名，保存于hostname變量中；
(2) 判斷此變量的值是否為localhost，如果是，則將當前主機名修改為www.magedu.com；
(3) 否則，則顯示當前主機名；
[root@localhost test]# hostname
localhost.localhostdomain
[root@localhost test]# ./exercise4.sh
www.magedu.com
[root@localhost test]# hostname
www.magedu.com
[root@localhost test]# cat /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
HOSTNAME=www.magedu.com
[root@localhost test]# cat exercise4.sh
#!/bin/bash
hostname=$HOSTNAME
if [ "${hostname%.*}" == "localhost" ];then
sed -i '/^HOSTNAME=/d' /etc/sysconfig/network &&
echo "HOSTNAME=www.magedu.com" >> /etc/sysconfig/network && hostname www.magedu.com && hostname
else
echo "$HOSTNAME"
fi
3、寫一個腳本，完成如下功能
(1) 傳遞一個磁盤設備文件路徑給腳本，判斷此設備是否存在；
(2) 如果存在，則顯示此設備上的所有分區信息；
[root@localhost test]# ./exercise5.sh /dev/ Please input a illegal device path! [root@localhost test]# ./exercise5.sh /etc/ Please input a illegal device path! [root@localhost test]# ./exercise5.sh /dev/sda1 /dev/sda1 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 477M 29M 424M 7% /boot [root@localhost test]# ./exercise5.sh /dev/sda /dev/sda Disk /dev/sda: 16.1 GB, 16106127360 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1958 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000a8052 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 1959 15215616 8e Linux LVM [root@localhost test]# cat exercise5.sh #!/bin/bash [ $# -eq 0 ] && echo "must input a device path!" && exit 12 [ $# -gt 1 ] && echo "too many args,only for one!" && exit 13 [ ! -e $1 ] && echo "not a decive path or doesn't exisits!" && exit 14 if fdisk -l $1 &>/dev/null && echo "$1" | grep "^/dev/[hs]d[a-z]$"; then fdisk -l $1 elif fdisk -l $1 &>/dev/null && echo "$1" | grep "^/dev/[sh]d[a-z][[:digit:]]$"; then df -h $1 else echo "Please input a illegal device path!" fi
4、寫一個腳本，完成如下功能
腳本能夠接受一個參數；
(1) 如果參數1為quit，則顯示退出腳本，并執行正常退出；
(2) 如果參數1為yes，則顯示繼續執行腳本；
(3) 否則，參數1為其它任意值，均執行非正常退出；
[root@www test]# ./exercise6.sh
quit) exit script
yes) continue script
=======================
Enter a option:quit
see you around!
[root@www test]# echo $?
0
[root@www test]# ./exercise6.sh
quit) exit script
yes) continue script
=======================
Enter a option:yes
testing!
[root@www test]# ./exercise6.sh
quit) exit script
yes) continue script
=======================
Enter a option:kg
force exit!
[root@www test]# echo $?
12
[root@www test]# cat exercise6.sh
#!/bin/bash
cat << EOF
quit) exit script
yes) continue script
=======================
EOF
read -p "Enter a option:" option
function test {
echo "testing!"
}
case $option in
"quit")
echo "see you around!"
exit 0
;;
"yes")
test
;;
*)
echo "force exit!"
exit 12
;;
esac
5、寫一個腳本，完成如下功能
傳遞一個參數給腳本，此參數為gzip、bzip2或者xz三者之一；
(1) 如果參數1的值為gzip，則使用tar和gzip歸檔壓縮/etc目錄至/backups目錄中，并命名為/backups/etc-20160613.tar.gz；
(2) 如果參數1的值為bzip2，則使用tar和bzip2歸檔壓縮/etc目錄至/backups目錄中，并命名為/backups/etc-20160613.tar.bz2；
(3) 如果參數1的值為xz，則使用tar和xz歸檔壓縮/etc目錄至/backups目錄中，并命名為/backups/etc-20160613.tar.xz；
(4) 其它任意值，則顯示錯誤壓縮工具，并執行非正常退出；
[root@www test]# ls -l /backups/etc-20160804 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 6196128 Aug 4 21:26 /backups/etc-20160804 [root@www test]# cat exercise8.sh #!/bin/bash cat << EOF gzip) To compress and archive by gzip and tar; bzip2) To compress and archive by bzip2 and tar; xz) To compress and archive by xz and tar; ======================= EOF read -p "Enter a option:" option case $option in "gzip") [ -d /backups/ ] || mkdir /backups/ tar -zcf /backups/etc-$(date +%Y%m%d) /etc/ echo "gzip compressed" exit 0 ;; "bzip2") [ -d /backups/ ] || mkdir /backups/ tar -jcf /backups/etc-$(date +%Y%m%d) /etc/ echo "bzip2 compressed" exit 0 ;; "xz") [ -d /backups/ ] || mkdir /backups/ tar -Jcf /backups/etc-$(date +%Y%m%d) /etc/ echo "xz compressed" exit 0 ;; *) echo "force exit!" exit 12 ;; esac
6、寫一個腳本，接受一個路徑參數：
(1) 如果為普通文件，則說明其可被正常訪問；
(2) 如果是目錄文件，則說明可對其使用cd命令；
(3) 如果為符號鏈接文件，則說明是個訪問路徑；
(4) 其它為無法判斷；
[root@www test]# ./exercise9.sh /etc/issue /etc/issue is a common file! [root@www test]# ./exercise9.sh /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S55sshd /etc/rc.d/rc3.d/S55sshd is a symbol link file use ls -l for more info! [root@www test]# ./exercise9.sh /dev/sda /dev/sda doesn't exisits or maybe other type file! [root@www test]# cat exercise9.sh #!/bin/bash [ $# -eq 0 -o $# -gt 1 ] && echo "only for one arg or too many args!" && exit 12 if [ -f $1 -a ! -h $1 ];then echo "$1 is a common file!" elif [ -d $1 ];then echo "$1 is a directory,you can use command cd to access!" elif [ -h $1 ];then echo "$1 is a symbol link file use ls -l for more info!" else echo "$1 doesn't exisits or maybe other type file!" fi
7、寫一個腳本，取得當前主機的主機名，判斷
(1) 如果主機名為空或為localhost，或為"(none)"，則將其命名為mail.magedu.com；
(2) 否則，顯示現有的主機名即可；
[root@www test]# bash -x exercise10.sh + '[' -z www.magedu.com -o www.magedu.com == localhost -o www.magedu.com == none ']' + hostname www.magedu.com [root@www test]# cat exercise10.sh #!/bin/bash if [ -z $HOSTNAME -o "$HOSTNAME" == "localhost" -o "$HOSTNAME" == "none" ];then hostname mail.magedu.com && sed -i '/^HOSTNAME/d' /etc/sysconfig/network && echo "HOSTNAME=mail.magedu.com" >> /etc/sysconfig/network else hostname fi
8、寫一腳本，接受一個用戶名為參數；
(1) 如果用戶的id號為0,則顯示其為管理員；
(2) 如果用戶的id號大于0且小于500, 則顯示其為系統用戶；
(3) 否則，則顯示其為普通用戶；
[root@www test]# ./exercise11.sh hehe
id: hehe: No such user
[root@www test]# ./exercise11.sh root
root is super user
[root@www test]# ./exercise11.sh ntp
ntp is System user
[root@www test]# ./exercise11.sh derulo
derulo is Common user
[root@www test]# cat exercise11.sh
#!/bin/bash
[ $# -eq 0 -o $# -gt 1 ]&& echo "only for one user account or too many user account!"&& exit 12
userid=$(id $1 | cut -d " " -f1 | tr "()" " " | cut -d "=" -f2 | cut -d " " -f1)
echo "$userid $1" >/tmp/id.txt
id $1 &>/dev/null && awk '{if($1==0){print $2 " is super user";}else if($1>0 && $1<500)
{print $2 " is System user";}else{print $2 " is Common user";}}' /tmp/id.txt
10、寫一個腳本，傳遞一個用戶名參數給腳本；
(1) 如果用戶的id號大于等于500，且其默認shell為以sh結尾的字符串，則顯示“a user can log system.”類的字符串；
(2) 否則，則顯示無法登錄系統；
[root@www test]# ./exercise12.sh root
you cannot login!
[root@www test]# ./exercise12.sh derulo
a user can login!
[root@www test]# ./exercise12.sh hehe
user doesn't exisits!
[root@www test]# cat exercise12.sh
#!/bin/bash
[ $# -eq 0 -o $# -gt 1 ]&& echo "only for one user account or too many user account!"&& exit 12
if id $1 &>/dev/null;then
userid=$(id $1 | cut -d " " -f1 | tr "()" " " | cut -d "=" -f2 | cut -d " " -f1)
usershell=$(finger $1 | grep "Shell" | cut -d ":" -f3 | cut -d " " -f2)
userend=${usershell:0-2}
echo "$userid $1 $usershell $userend" >/tmp/idtmp.txt
else
echo "user doesn't exisits!"
exit 13
fi
awk '{if($1>=500 && $4=="sh"){print "a user can login!";}else{print "you cannot login!";}}' /tmp/idtmp.txt
11、寫一個腳本，完成如下任務 ：
(1) 按順序分別復制/var/log目錄下的每個直接文件或子目錄至/tmp/test1-testn目錄中；
(2) 復制目錄時，才使用cp -r命令；
(3) 復制文件時使用cp命令；
(4) 復制鏈接文件時使用cp -d命令；
(5) 余下的所有類型，使用cp -a命令；
[root@www test]# ./exercise13.sh
/var/log/anaconda.ifcfg.log copy to /tmp/tes1-testn/ finished!
/var/log/btmp copy to /tmp/tes1-testn/ finished!
/var/log/spooler-20160804 copy to /tmp/tes1-testn/ finished!
/var/log/tallylog copy to /tmp/tes1-testn/ finished!
.......
[root@www test]# cat exercise13.sh
#!/bin/bash
sdir="/var/log"
ddir="/tmp/tes1-testn/"
[ ! -e $ddir ] && mkdir $ddir
for i in $(ls -l $sdir | grep "^-" | awk '{print $NF}');do
cp $sdir/$i $ddir
echo "$sdir/$i copy to $ddir finished!"
done
for m in $(ls -l $sdir | grep "^d" | awk '{print $NF}');do
cp -r $sdir/$m $ddir
echo "$sdir/$m copy to $ddir finished!"
done
for n in $(ls -l $sdir | grep "^l" | awk '{print $NF}');do
cp -d $sdir/$i $ddir
echo "$sdir/$n copy to $ddir finished!"
done
for k in $(ls -l $sdir | grep -v "^[-dl]" | awk '{print $NF}');do
cp -a $sdir/$i $ddir
echo "$sdir/$k copy to $ddir finished!"
done
[root@www test]# cd /tmp/tes1-testn/
[root@www tes1-testn]# ls -a
. btmp-20160804 maillog-20160804 spooler
.. ConsoleKit messages spooler-20160804
anaconda.ifcfg.log cron messages-20160804 sssd
anaconda.log cron-20160804 ntpstats tallylog
anaconda.program.log cups pm-powersave.log wpa_supplicant.log
anaconda.storage.log dmesg ppp wtmp
anaconda.syslog dmesg.old prelink Xorg.0.log
anaconda.xlog dracut.log sa Xorg.0.log.old
anaconda.yum.log gdm samba Xorg.1.log
audit httpd secure Xorg.9.log
boot.log lastlog secure-20160804 yum.log
btmp maillog spice-vdagent.log
原創文章，作者：Snoo，如若轉載，請注明出處：http://www.www58058.com/28840
寫的很好，排版也很棒，加油