一、幾個腳本的編寫：
1、編寫腳本/root/bin/systeminfo.sh,顯示當前主機系統信息，包括主機名，IPv4地址，操作系統版本，內核版本，CPU型號，內存大小，硬盤大小。
#!/bin/bash echo "HOSTNAME: $HOSTNAME" echo "IPV4 ADDRESS: `ip a |grep "\<inet\>[ ].*brd"|tr -s " "|cut -d" " -f 3|tr '\n' ' '`" echo "OS RELEASE: `cat /etc/centos-release`" echo "CPU INFORMATION: `lscpu | grep "Model name"|tr -s " "|cut -d: -f2 |sed -r 's@[ ](.*)@\1@'`" echo "KERNEL RELEASE:`uname -r`" echo "MEMORY INFORMATION: ` cat /proc/meminfo|head -n 1|cut -d: -f 2|tr -d " "`" echo "HARD DISK INFOMATION:"` fdisk -l |grep "Disk.*sd"|cut -d: -f2|cut -d ' ' -f2,3|tr -d ','`
測試運行：
HOSTNAME: centos7.localdomain IPV4 ADDRESS: 10.1.255.177/16 192.168.122.1/24 OS RELEASE: CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Core) CPU INFORMATION: AMD E2-1800 APU with Radeon(tm) HD Graphics KERNEL RELEASE:3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 MEMORY INFORMATION: 1001336kB HARD DISK INFOMATION:107.4 GB
2、編寫腳本/root/bin/backup.sh，可實現每日將/etc/目錄備份到/root/etcYYYY-mm-dd中
#!/bin/bash #author jack_cui #version 1.0 #description: backup directory read -p "please input backup directory: " backdir read -p "please input destination directory: " desdir cp -r $backdir $desdir/backup`date +%F` echo "backup successful!"
測試運行：
[root@centos7 bin]# backup.sh please input backup directory: /root/bin/ please input destination directory: /testdir/ backup successful! [root@centos7 bin]# ls /testdir backup2016-08-12 fs.txt info.txt info.txt.bak info.txt.bak.backup vimtu
3、編寫腳本/root/bin/disk.sh,顯示當前硬盤分區中空間利用率最大的值
[root@centos7 bin]# cat disk.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jack_cui #description=show the system disk use disk_use=`df |grep sd|tr -s " "|cut -d " " -f5|sed -n 's/%//p'|sort -rn|head -n 1` echo $disk_use unset disk_use
測試運行：
[root@centos7 bin]# bash disk.sh 63
4、編寫腳本/root/bin/links.sh,顯示正連接本主機的每個遠程主機的IPv4地址和連接數，并按連接數從大到小排序
[root@centos7 bin]# cat link.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description: disk use infomation netstat -nt |tr -s ' '|cut -d ' ' -f5 |cut -d: -f1 |grep [0-9]|sort |uniq -c|sort -nr [root@centos7 bin]# link.sh 5 10.1.1.88
5、寫一個腳本/root/bin/sumid.sh，計算/etc/passwd文件中的第10個用戶和第20用戶的ID之和
#!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:sum two user's id numbera=`sed -n '10p' /etc/passwd |cut -d: -f3` numberb=`sed -n '20p' /etc/passwd |cut -d: -f3` let suma_b=numbera+numberb echo "user1 uig is $numbera" echo "user2 uid is $numberb" echo "two users id sum is $suma_b" unset numberb suma_b numbera [root@centos7 bin]# sumid.sh user1 uig is 11 user2 uid is 59 two users id sum is 70
6、寫一個腳本/root/bin/sumspace.sh，傳遞兩個文件路徑作為參數給腳本，計算這兩個文件中所有空白行之和
兩個測試文本：test.txt test2.txt 中間有6個空白行或全是空白字符的行
[root@centos7 ~]# cat test.txt aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb ccccccccccccccccccc [root@centos7 ~]# cat test2.txtt cat: test2.txtt: No such file or directory [root@centos7 ~]# cat test2.txt cccccccccccccccccccccccc bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb cccccccccccccccc
腳本：
[root@centos7 bin]# cat sumspace.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:calculate two files blank line read -p "Input first path of files: " first_path read -p "Input second path of files:" second_path a=`cat $first_path |grep -e "^$" -e "[[:space:]]\+$" |wc -l` b=`cat $second_path |grep -e "^$" -e "[[:space:]]\+$" |wc -l` let sum=a+b echo "The total blank lines is: $sum" unset a b sum
腳本運行：
[root@centos7 bin]# sumspace.sh Input first path of files: /root/test.txt Input second path of files:/root/test2.txt The total blank lines is: 6
7、寫一個腳本/root/bin/sumfile.sh,統計/etc, /var, /usr目錄中共有多少個一級子目錄和文件
[root@centos7 bin]# cat sumfile.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:sum directorys's files and directorys a=`ls -A /etc/|wc -l` b=`ls -A /var/|wc -l` c=`ls -A /usr/|wc -l` let sumfile=a+b+c echo "three directory have $sumfile files and directorys" unset a b c sumfile
腳本運行：
[root@centos7 bin]# sumfile.sh three directory have 296 files and directorys
8、寫一個腳本/root/bin/argsnum.sh，接受一個文件路徑作為參數；如果參數個數小于1，則提示用戶“至少應該給一個參數”，并立即退出；如果參數個數不小于1，則顯示第一個參數所指向的文件中的空白行數
[root@centos7 bin]# cat argsnum.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:dispaly file blank lines count [ "$#" -lt 1 ]&& echo "You should give one parameter!" && exit line=`cat $1|grep -c "^[[:space:]]*$" 2> /dev/null` echo $line unset line exit [root@centos7 bin]# argsnum.sh /root/test.txt 3 [root@centos7 bin]# argsnum.sh //沒有參數時直接退出，并打印提示信息 You should give one parameter!
9、寫一個腳本/root/bin/hostping.sh，接受一個主機的IPv4地址做為參數，測試是否可連通。如果能ping通，則提示用戶“該IP地址可訪問”；如果不可ping通，則提示用戶“該IP地址不可訪問”
[root@centos7 bin]# cat hostping.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:Judge a ip address whether access ping -W 1 -c3 $1 > /dev/null 2>&1 //指定ping超時時間1s，ping3次 suss=`echo $?` [ $suss -eq 0 ] && echo "IP address can access!"|| echo "IP address can not access!" [root@centos7 bin]# bash hostping.sh 10.1.0.2 //ping 不存在的地址報錯 IP address can not access! [root@centos7 bin]# bash hostping.sh 10.1.0.1 //ping 存在的地址提示地址可以訪問 IP address can access!
10、判斷硬盤的每個分區空間和inode的利用率是否大于80，如果是，發郵件通知root磁盤滿
[root@centos7 bin]# cat diskAlarm.sh
#!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:show the disk use diskuse=`df |grep 'sd'|tr -s " " |cut -d " " -f 5|sed -n 's/%//p'|sort -rn|head -n1` inodeuse=` df -i|grep 'sd'|tr -s " "|cut -d" " -f 5|sed -n 's/%//p'|sort -rn|head -n1` #[ $diskuse -ge 80 ]||[ $inodeuse -ge 80 ]&&echo "Dear root, disk has used too much!!!"|mail -s "Disk alarm!" root [ $diskuse -ge 80 -o $inodeuse -ge 80 ]&&echo "Dear root, disk has used too much!!!"|mail -s "Disk alarm!" root
測試運行：
[root@centos7 bin]# diskAlarm.sh [root@centos7 bin]# mail Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help. "/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new >N 1 root Sat Aug 13 12:49 18/626 "Disk alarm!" & q Held 1 message in /var/spool/mail/root
11、指定文件做為參數，判斷文件是否為.sh后綴，如果是，添加x權限
[root@centos7 bin]# cat ifsh.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jack_cui #description:show the file whether ended “.sh” [[ "$1" =~ .*\.sh$ ]]&&chmod a+x $1||echo "file is not ended '.sh'" [root@centos7 bin]# touch bb.sh [root@centos7 bin]# ifsh.sh bb.sh [root@centos7 bin]# ll bb.sh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 0 Aug 13 13:59 bb.sh [root@centos7 bin]#
12、判斷輸入的IP是否為合法IP
[root@centos7 bin]# cat ipcorrect.sh
#!/bin/bash
#author:jack_cui
#description:display input ip whether correct!"
corr=`echo $1 |grep -E "(\<([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\>.){3}\<([0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|1[0-9]{2}|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\>"|wc -l`
[ $corr -ne 0 ]&&echo "The IP address is correct!"||echo "The IP is not correct!"
執行結果：
[root@centos7 bin]# ipcorrect.sh 2.2.2.2 The IP address is correct! [root@centos7 bin]# ipcorrect.sh 233.2333.333.2 The IP is not correct!
13、計算1+2+3+…+100
[root@centos7 bin]# cat sum1_100 #!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:Add 1 to 100 sum=`seq -s "+" 1 100 |bc` echo "Add 1 to 100 sum is : $sum" [root@centos7 bin]# sum1_100 Add 1 to 100 sum is : 5050
14、輸入起始值A和最后值B，計算從A+（A+1）…+(B-1)+B的總和
[root@centos7 bin]# cat A2Bsum.sh #!/bin/bash #author:jackcui #description:calculator A to B (A and B is two number),INCREMENT can be given,for eg:A=2,B=6,INCREMENT is 2 ,the sum=2+4+6=12; read -p "Input first number: " A read -p "Input second number: " B read -p "Iput INCREMENT number: " I echo "The sum is : `seq -s '+' $A $I $B|bc`" unset A B I [root@centos7 bin]# A2Bsum.sh Input first number: 2 Input second number: 4 Iput INCREMENT number: 1 //遞增值為1 The sum is : 9 [root@centos7 bin]# A2Bsum.sh Input first number2 //計算2至6遞增值為2的數字的和 Input second number6 Iput INCREMENT number2 //遞增值為2 The sum is : 12
注釋：seq –s 指定分割符為” + ” ，seq可以產生遞增性的數字，之后傳值給bc命令進行計算
二、位置變量$0 $1,$2,$# $@ $*的區別：
$0 :表示執行命令時，命令本身；
$1:表示命令的第一個參數
$#:表示命令的參數的個數
$@,$*：這兩個只有在命令的參數用引號括起來時，前者表示在引號中以空格為分隔符，將引號中的多段分別當成一個參數傳遞值腳本，后者表示將引號中字符串當成一個參數傳遞至腳本
原創文章，作者：jack_cui，如若轉載，請注明出處：http://www.www58058.com/34801
