1、復制/etc/skel目錄為/home/tuser1,要求/home/tuser1及其內部文件的屬組和其它用戶均沒有任何訪問權限。
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# cp /etc/skel/ /home/tuser1 [root@MyCloudServer ~]# chmod 700 /home/tuser1/ [root@MyCloudServer ~]# ll -d /home/tuser1/ drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Sep 2 14:52 /home/tuser1/
2、編輯/etc/group文件,添加組hadoop。
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# groupadd hadoop [root@MyCloudServer ~]# chown :hadoop /etc/group [root@MyCloudServer ~]# ll /etc/group -rw-r--r-- 1 root hadoop 626 Sep 2 14:56 /etc/group
3、手動編輯/etc/passwd文件新增一行,添加用戶hadoop,其基本組ID為hadoop組的id號;其家目錄為/home/hadoop。
hadoop:x:3005:3005:/home/hadoop:/sbin/nologin
4、復制/etc/skel目錄為/home/hadoop,要求修改hadoop目錄的屬組和其它用戶沒有任何訪問權限。
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# cp -r /etc/skel/ /home/hadoop [root@MyCloudServer ~]# chown :hadoop /home/hadoop/ [root@MyCloudServer ~]# ll -d /home/hadoop/ drwxr-x--- 2 root hadoop 4096 Sep 2 15:02 /home/hadoop/
5、修改/home/hadoop目錄及其內部所有文件的屬主為hadoop,屬組為hadoop。
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# chown -R :hadoop /home/hadoop/
6、顯示/proc/meminfo文件中以大寫或小寫S開頭的行;用兩種方式;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep -i "^s" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 1015800 kB SwapFree: 1015800 kB Shmem: 144 kB Slab: 36164 kB SReclaimable: 15932 kB SUnreclaim: 20232 kB [root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep "^[sS]" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 1015800 kB SwapFree: 1015800 kB Shmem: 144 kB Slab: 36168 kB SReclaimable: 15932 kB SUnreclaim: 20236 kB
7、顯示/etc/passwd文件中其默認shell為非/sbin/nologin的用戶;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin$" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root sync shutdown halt mageia slackware openstack
8、顯示/etc/passwd文件中其默認shell為/bin/bash的用戶;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep "/bin/bash$" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root mageia openstack
9、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位數或兩位數;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep -o -E "\<[0-9]{1,2}\>" /etc/passwd 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 4 4 7 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 12 10 14 11 0 12 13 30 14 50 99 99 69 69 89 89 74 74
10、顯示/boot/grub/grub.conf中以至少一個空白字符開頭的行;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep "^[[:space:]]\+" /boot/grub/grub.conf [root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep "^[[:space:]]\{1,\}" /boot/grub/grub.conf
11、顯示/etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit文件中以#開頭,后面跟至少一個空白字符,而后又有至少一個非空白字符的行;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep "^#[[:space:]]\{1,\}[^[:space:]]\{1,\}" /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit # /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit - run once at boot time # Taken in part from Miquel van Smoorenburg's bcheckrc. # Check SELinux status # Print a text banner. # Only read this once. # Initialize hardware # Set default affinity # Load other user-defined modules # Load modules (for backward compatibility with VARs) # Configure kernel parameters # Set the hostname. # Sync waiting for storage. # Device mapper & related initialization # Start any MD RAID arrays that haven't been started yet # Remount the root filesystem read-write. # Clean up SELinux labels # If relabeling, relabel mount points. # Mount all other filesystems (except for NFS and /proc, which is already # mounted). Contrary to standard usage, # filesystems are NOT unmounted in single user mode. # The 'no' applies to all listed filesystem types. See mount(8). # Update quotas if necessary # Check to see if a full relabel is needed # Initialize pseudo-random number generator # Configure machine if necessary.
12、打出netstat -tan命令執行結果中以‘LISTEN’,后或跟空白字符結尾的行;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# netstat -tan | grep "\<LISTEN\>[[:space:]]*$" tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN
13、添加用戶bash, testbash, basher, nologin (此一個用戶的shell為/sbin/nologin),而后找出當前系統上其用戶名和默認shell相同的用戶的信息;
[root@MyCloudServer ~]# grep "^\([[:alpha:]]\+\>\).*\1$" /etc/passwd sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt bash:x:3006:3006::/home/bash:/bin/bash nologin:x:3009:3009::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
原創文章,作者:杜邱,如若轉載,請注明出處:http://www.www58058.com/42927
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