本周的blog開始使用了代碼語言格式，我原本以為自然的才是最好的，
orginal的才是最美的，但是我錯了。。。我發現同學們都在各種markdown，各種排版。我說過我早已過了care這些的年紀，但是我不能脫離群體單獨存在，所以我底下了傲嬌的頭。
本周開始blog標題改為英文，逼格滿滿，麥滿分~
下面開始第$wk_num周的作業
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# wk_num=$[$(date -d 2016-12-12 +%U) - $(date -d 2016-11-21 +%U)]
-
列出當前系統上所有已經登錄的用戶的用戶名，注意：同一個用戶登錄多次，則只顯示一次即可
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# w -s -h | cut -f 1 -d ' ' | sort -u root slackwar [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
2. 取出最后登錄到當前系統的用戶的相關信息
[slackware@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]$ last | head -1 openstac pts/3 cnbjsl-jm0jtz1.d Mon Dec 19 11:53 - 17:00 (05:07)
3. 取出當前系統上被用戶當作其默認shell的最多的那個shell
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -f 7 -d : | uniq -c 1 /bin/bash 4 /sbin/nologin 1 /bin/sync 1 /sbin/shutdown 1 /sbin/halt 13 /sbin/nologin 3 /bin/bash 1 /bin/nologin [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -f 7 -d : | uniq -c | sort 1 /bin/bash 1 /bin/nologin 1 /bin/sync 1 /sbin/halt 1 /sbin/shutdown 3 /bin/bash 4 /sbin/nologin 13 /sbin/nologin [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -f 7 -d : | uniq -c | sort | tail -1 13 /sbin/nologin [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -f 7 -d : | uniq -c | sort | tail -1 | tr -s ' ' | cut -f 3 -d ' ' /sbin/nologin [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
4. 將/etc/passwd中第三個字段數值最大的后10個用戶的信息全部改為大寫后保存至/tmp/maxusers.txt文件中
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# touch /tmp/maxusers.txt [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | cut -f 3 -d : | sort -n | tail | tee /tmp/maxusers.txt 89 99 170 996 997 998 999 1100 2002 2003 [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /tmp/maxusers.txt 89 99 170 996 997 998 999 1100 2002 2003 [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
5. 取出當前主機的IP地址，提示：對ifconfig命令的結果進行切分
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ifconfig | tr -s ' ' | cut -f 3 -d ' ' | head -2 | tail -1 10.129.6.166 [root@dhcp-10-12
6. 列出/etc目錄下所有以.conf結尾的文件的文件名，并將其名字轉換為大寫后保存至/tmp/etc.conf文件中
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ls /etc/*.conf | tr [a-z] [A-Z] >> /tmp/etc. etc.conf etc.test [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ls /etc/*.conf | tr [a-z] [A-Z] >> /tmp/etc.conf [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ls /etc/*.conf /etc/asound.conf /etc/krb5.conf /etc/man_db.conf /etc/sudo-ldap.conf /etc/dnsmasq.conf /etc/ld.so.conf /etc/mke2fs.conf /etc/sudo.conf /etc/dracut.conf /etc/libaudit.conf /etc/nsswitch.conf /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/e2fsck.conf /etc/libuser.conf /etc/resolv.conf /etc/tcsd.conf /etc/host.conf /etc/locale.conf /etc/rsyslog.conf /etc/vconsole.conf /etc/kdump.conf /etc/logrotate.conf /etc/sestatus.conf /etc/yum.conf [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /tmp/etc.conf /ETC/ASOUND.CONF /ETC/DNSMASQ.CONF /ETC/DRACUT.CONF /ETC/E2FSCK.CONF /ETC/HOST.CONF /ETC/KDUMP.CONF /ETC/KRB5.CONF /ETC/LD.SO.CONF /ETC/LIBAUDIT.CONF /ETC/LIBUSER.CONF /ETC/LOCALE.CONF /ETC/LOGROTATE.CONF /ETC/MAN_DB.CONF /ETC/MKE2FS.CONF /ETC/NSSWITCH.CONF /ETC/RESOLV.CONF /ETC/RSYSLOG.CONF /ETC/SESTATUS.CONF /ETC/SUDO-LDAP.CONF /ETC/SUDO.CONF /ETC/SYSCTL.CONF /ETC/TCSD.CONF /ETC/VCONSOLE.CONF /ETC/YUM.CONF [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
7. 顯示/var目錄下一級子目錄或文件的總個數
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ll -a /var | wc -l 42 [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
8. 取出/etc/group文件中第三個字段數值最小的10個組的名字
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | sort -n -k 3 -t : | cut -f 1 -d : | head root bin daemon adm lp sync shutdown halt mail operator [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
9. 將/etc/fstab和/etc/issue文件的內容合并為同一個內容后保存至/tmp/etc.test文件中
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# touch /tmp/etc.test
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat -s /etc/{fstab,issue} >> /tmp/etc.test
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /tmp/etc.test
#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Thu Dec 1 21:51:31 2016
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info
#
/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0
UUID=6f4ecd86-4eea-468b-81ba-2f3e7b3a59c4 /boot xfs defaults 0 0
/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
\S
Kernel \r on an \m
10. 請總結描述用戶和組管理類命令的使用方法并完成以下練習：
a.創建組distro,其GIDwei 2016
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# groupadd distro -g 2016 [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail -1 /etc/group distro:x:2016:
b.創建用戶mandriva，其UID為1005，基本組為distro.
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# useradd mandriva -u 1005 -g distro [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail1 -1 /etc/passwd -bash: tail1: 未找到命令 [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd mandriva:x:1005:2016::/home/mandriva:/bin/bash
c.創建用戶megeia, 其UID為1100，家目錄為/home/linux
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# mkdir /home/linux [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ll /home total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 19 09:57 linux drwx------. 2 mandriva distro 59 Dec 19 09:55 mandriva drwx------. 2 slackware slackware 59 Dec 2 00:41 slackware [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# useradd mageia -u 1100 -d /home/linux useradd: warning: the home directory already exists. Not copying any file from skel directory into it. [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# !t ail -1 /etc/passwd mageia:x:1100:1100::/home/linux:/bin/bash [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# man chown man: can't set the locale; make sure $LC_* and $LANG are correct [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# chown mageia:mageia /home/linux [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ll /home total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mageia mageia 6 Dec 19 09:57 linux drwx------. 2 mandriva distro 59 Dec 19 09:55 mandriva drwx------. 2 slackware slackware 59 Dec 2 00:41 slackware
d.給用戶megeia添加密碼，密碼為mageedu
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# passwd mageia Changing password for user mageia. New password: BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters Retype new password: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
e.刪除mandriva,但保留其家目錄
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# userdel mandriva [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ll /home total 0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 mageia mageia 6 Dec 19 09:57 linux drwx------. 2 1005 distro 59 Dec 19 09:55 mandriva drwx------. 2 slackware slackware 59 Dec 2 00:41 slackware
f.創建用戶slackware,其ID號為2002，基本組為distro, 附加組為peguin
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# useradd slackware -u 2002 -g distro -G peguin useradd: user 'slackware' already exists [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# userdel -r slackware [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# useradd slackware -u 2002 -g distro -G peguin [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail -1 /etc/passwd slackware:x:2002:2016::/home/slackware:/bin/bash [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail /etc/group dbus:x:81: polkitd:x:995: dip:x:40: tss:x:59: postdrop:x:90: postfix:x:89: sshd:x:74: distro:x:2016: mageia:x:1100: peguin:x:2017:slackware
g.修改slackware的默認shell為/bin/tcsh
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# usermod slackware -s /bin/tcsh [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep slackware slackware:x:2002:2016::/home/slackware:/bin/tcsh
h.為用戶slackware新增附件組admins
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/group | grep admins [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# groupadd admins [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# usermod slackware -G admins [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail /etc/group polkitd:x:995: dip:x:40: tss:x:59: postdrop:x:90: postfix:x:89: sshd:x:74: distro:x:2016: mageia:x:1100: peguin:x:2017: admins:x:2018:slackware [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ^C
i.為用戶slackware添加密碼，且要求密碼最短使用期限為3天，最長為180天，警告3天
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# passwd slackware -n 3 -x 180 -w 3 Adjusting aging data for user slackware. passwd: Success [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/shadow | grep slackware slackware:!!:17154:3:180:3::: [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# ^C
j.添加用戶openstack, 其ID號為3003，基本組為clouds, 附加組為peguin和nova
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# useradd openstack -g clouds -G peguin,nova [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail /etc/group tss:x:59: postdrop:x:90: postfix:x:89: sshd:x:74: distro:x:2016: mageia:x:1100: peguin:x:2017:openstack admins:x:2018:slackware nova:x:2019:openstack clouds:x:2020: [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# tail /etc/passwd | grep openstack openstack:x:2003:2020::/home/openstack:/bin/bash [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
k.添加系統用戶mysql, 要求其shell為/bin/nologin
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# useradd mysql -r -s /bin/nologin [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# cat /etc/passwd | grep mysql ysql:x:996:994::/home/mysql:/bin/nologin
l.使用echo命令，非交互式為openstack添加密碼
[root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]# echo openstack | passwd openstack --stdin Changing password for user openstack. passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. [root@dhcp-10-129-6-166 ~]#
原創文章，作者：JL，如若轉載，請注明出處：http://www.www58058.com/64184
