1. 創建一個10G的分區,并格式為ext4文件系統
(1) 要求block大小為2048, 預留空間百分比為2, 卷標為MYDATA, 默認掛載屬性包含acl;
(2) 掛載至/data/mydata目錄,要求掛載時禁止程序自動運行,且不更新文件的訪問時間戳
#創建文件系統,首先使用fdisk對磁盤進行分區操作
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u').
#fdisk下n命令創建新的分區
Command (m for help): n
#選擇p創建主分區
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
#選擇1創建1號分區
Partition number (1-4): 1
#起始柱面默認選1
First cylinder (1-261, default 1):
Using default value 1
#結尾柱面默認為最后一個柱面
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-261, default 261):
Using default value 261
#使用t命令來修改分區的system id
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
#83為ext系列文件系統的system id
Hex code (type L to list codes): 83
#使用w命令將操作保存
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
#之后使用重讀分區表
[root@localhost ~]# partx -a /dev/sdb
#查看/proc/partitions文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 20971520 sda 8 1 512000 sda1 8 2 20458496 sda2 8 16 2097152 sdb 8 17 2096451 sdb1 8 32 1048576 sdc 253 0 18423808 dm-0 253 1 2031616 dm-1
#到此,分區創建完畢,下面來對分區進行ext文件系統的格式化
#使用mkfs.ext4命令來格式化/dev/sdb1
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.ext4 -b 2048 -m 2 -L MYDATA /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
Filesystem label=MYDATA
OS type: Linux
Block size=2048 (log=1)
Fragment size=2048 (log=1)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
131072 inodes, 1048224 blocks
20964 blocks (2.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=537919488
64 block groups
16384 blocks per group, 16384 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
16384, 49152, 81920, 114688, 147456, 409600, 442368, 802816
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 34 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
#然后創建/data/mydata目錄
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/mydata
#之后使用mount命令將/dev/sdb1掛載到/data/mydata上
[root@localhost ~]# mount -a -t ext4 -o noexec -o noatime -o acl /dev/sdb1 /dat [root@localhost ~]# cd /data/mydata/ [root@localhost mydata]# ll total 16 drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Feb 18 15:39 lost+found [root@localhost mydata]#
2. 創建一個大小為10G的swap分區,并創建好文件系統,并啟用之;
#使用fdisk命令在sdc硬盤上新建分區
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdc
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-130, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-130, default 130):
Using default value 130
#調整system type為82(swap)
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 82
Changed system type of partition 1 to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris)
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
#partx /dev/sdc重讀分區表
[root@localhost ~]# partx /dev/sdc # 1: 63- 2088449 ( 2088387 sectors, 1069 MB) # 2: 0- -1 ( 0 sectors, 0 MB) # 3: 0- -1 ( 0 sectors, 0 MB) # 4: 0- -1 ( 0 sectors, 0 MB)
#查看系統是否認出/dev/sdc1分區
[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name 8 0 20971520 sda 8 1 512000 sda1 8 2 20458496 sda2 8 16 2097152 sdb 8 17 2096451 sdb1 8 32 1048576 sdc 8 33 1044193 sdc1 253 0 18423808 dm-0 253 1 2031616 dm-1 [root@localhost ~]#
#為/dev/sdc1創建swap文件系統
[root@localhost ~]# mkswap /dev/sdc1 Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1044188 KiB no label, UUID=80f20b38-b6e2-48b1-902c-995f3cbad9da
#使用free命令查看當前swap文件系統的大小
[root@localhost ~]# free -h
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 980M 240M 740M 204K 22M 92M
-/+ buffers/cache: 126M 854M
Swap: 1.9G 0B 1.9G
#使用swapon命令啟用/dev/sdc1 swap分區
[root@localhost ~]# swapon /dev/sdc1
#再使用free命名查看swap文件系統的大小, 由1.9G增加到2.9G, 說明/dev/sdc1 swap分區成功啟用
[root@localhost ~]# free -h
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 980M 240M 739M 204K 22M 92M
-/+ buffers/cache: 126M 854M
Swap: 2.9G 0B 2.9G
3. 寫一個腳本
(1) 獲取并列出當前系統上的所有磁盤設備
(2) 顯示每個磁盤設備上每個分區相關的空間使用信息
#腳本內容
[root@localhost ~]# cat week7.sh
#!/bin/bash
#獲取并列出當前系統上的所有磁盤設備
#顯示每個磁盤設備上每個分區相關的空間使用信息
declare i #聲明變量i, 用于控制for循環體
declare disk_list #聲明變量 disk_lis,保存系統上磁盤設備列表
disk_list=$(ls /dev/{hd,sd}* 2> /dev/null)
echo -e "System disk device list:\n$disk_list"
echo -e "\nDetails of Used/Free space:"
for i in $disk_list ; do
df -h -T $i
done
#腳本執行結果
[root@localhost ~]# bash week7.sh System disk device list: /dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc /dev/sdc1 Details of Used/Free space: Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on - - 480M 200K 480M 1% /dev Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1 ext4 477M 28M 425M 7% /boot Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on - - 480M 200K 480M 1% /dev Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on - - 480M 200K 480M 1% /dev Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1 ext4 2.0G 9.1M 1.9G 1% /data/mydata Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on - - 480M 200K 480M 1% /dev Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on - - 480M 200K 480M 1% /dev
4. 總結RAID的各個級別及其組合方式和性能的不同
5. 創建一個大小為10G的RAID1,要求有一個空閑盤,而且CHUNK大小為 128K
6. 創建一個大小為4G的RAID5設備,chunk大小為256K,格式化為ext4文件系統,要求可開機自動掛載至/backup目錄,而且不更新訪問時間戳,且支持acl功能
7. 寫一個腳本
(1) 接受一個以上文件路徑作為參數
(2) 顯示每個文件擁有的行數
(3) 總結說明本次共為幾個文件統計了其行數
#腳本內容
#!/bin/bash
#接受一個以上的文件路徑作為參數
#顯示每個文件擁有的行數
#總結說明本次共為幾個文件統計了行數
#聲明變量i,用于控制for循環體
declare i
declare File_List
declare File_Count=0
read -p "Please input file name here, this script could count lines number of the file you typed. Warnning:you should type at least 1 file:" File_List
if [[ -z $File_List ]]; then
echo "At least provide one file to run this script"
exit 2
else
for i in $File_List; do
if [ ! -e $i ];then
echo "No such file: $i"
elif [ ! -f $i ];then
echo "File $i is not a normal file and canot count lines number"
else
echo "line number of file $i is $(wc -l $i|cut -f1 -d' ')"
let File_Count=$File_Count+1
fi
done
fi
echo "Totaly count line number of $File_Count files."
unset i
unset File_List
unset File_Count
#運行結果
#(1)未給出參數的運行結果
[root@localhost ~]# bash week7_2.sh Please input file name here, this script could count lines number of the file you typed. Warnning:you should type at least 1 file: At least provide one file to run this script [root@localhost ~]#
#(2)給出1個不存在的文件,一個設備文件,一個普通文件的運行結果
[root@localhost ~]# bash week7_2.sh Please input file name here, this script could count lines number of the file you typed. Warnning:you should type at least 1 file:a No such file: a Totaly count line number of 0 files. [root@localhost ~]#
#(3)給出N個普通文件的運行結果
[root@localhost ~]# !b bash week7_2.sh Please input file name here, this script could count lines number of the file you typed. Warnning:you should type at least 1 file:/etc/fstab /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit /proc/partitins /root/week7.sh /root/week7_2.sh line number of file /etc/fstab is 16 line number of file /etc/rc.d/rc.sysinit is 691 No such file: /proc/partitins line number of file /root/week7.sh is 19 line number of file /root/week7_2.sh is 34 Totaly count line number of 4 files.
#(4)給出的文件中沒有普通文件的運行結果
[root@localhost ~]# !b bash week7_2.sh Please input file name here, this script could count lines number of the file you typed. Warnning:you should type at least 1 file:/roott/week7.sh /ect/fstab /dev/sda /dev/sdc1 No such file: /roott/week7.sh No such file: /ect/fstab File /dev/sda is not a normal file and canot count lines number File /dev/sdc1 is not a normal file and canot count lines number Totaly count line number of 0 files. [root@localhost ~]#
8 寫一個腳本
(1) 傳遞兩個以上的字符串當做用戶名
(2) 創建這些用戶,且密碼同用戶名
(3) 總結說明共創建了幾個用戶
#腳本內容
[root@localhost ~]# cat week7_3.sh
#!/bin/bash
#傳遞兩個以上的字符串當做用戶名
#創建這些用戶,且密碼同用戶名
#總結說明共創建了幾個用戶
declare i #用于控制for循環體
declare user_list
declare user_count
read -p "please type username which need to be created:" user_list
echo $user_list
if [[ -z $user_list ]]; then
echo "Invaild parameter"
exit 2
else
for i in $user_list; do
if id $i &> /dev/null;then
echo "$i exists"
elif [[ $(echo ${#i}) -le 2 ]];then
echo "Length of username should be more than 2 charactors"
else
useradd $i &> /dev/null && echo $i | passwd $i --stdin &> /dev/null && echo "add user $i sucessfully. Password is the same as username"
let user_count=$user_count+1
fi
done
fi
echo "Totally add $user_count users."
unset i
unset user_list
unset user_count
[root@localhost ~]#
#執行結果
#(1) 未給出參數的執行結果
[root@localhost ~]# bash week7_3.sh please type username which need to be created: Invaild parameter [root@localhost ~]#
#(2) 傳遞的參數字符數小于2的執行結果
[root@localhost ~]# !b bash week7_3.sh please type username which need to be created:a b cd de c1 a b cd de c1 Length of username should be more than 2 charactors Length of username should be more than 2 charactors Length of username should be more than 2 charactors Length of username should be more than 2 charactors Length of username should be more than 2 charactors Totally add 0 users. [root@localhost ~]#
#(3) 傳遞的參數已經存在于系統的執行結果
[root@localhost ~]# !b bash week7_3.sh please type username which need to be created:root bin daemon adm lp root bin daemon adm lp root exists bin exists daemon exists adm exists lp exists Totally add 0 users. [root@localhost ~]#
#(4) 正常添加用戶名的執行結果
[root@localhost ~]# !b bash week7_3.sh please type username which need to be created:week7 week7_1 week7_3 week7 week7_1 week7_3 add user week7 sucessfully. Password is the same as username add user week7_1 sucessfully. Password is the same as username add user week7_3 sucessfully. Password is the same as username Totally add 3 users. [root@localhost ~]#
9. 寫一個腳本,新建20個用戶visitor1-vistor20, 計算他們的ID之和
#腳本內容
[root@localhost ~]# cat week7_4.sh
#! /bin/bash
#寫一個腳本,新建20個用戶visitor1-vissitor20,計算他們的ID之和
declare i
declare user_count=0
declare id_sum=0
for i in {1..20}; do
if id visitor$i &> /dev/null;then
echo "user visitor$i exists."
else
useradd visitor$i &> /dev/null && echo "Add visitor$i" && let id_sum=$(id -u visitor$i)+$id_sum && let user_count=$user_count+1
fi
done
echo "Total add $user_count users and sum id number is $id_sum"
unset i
unset user_count
unset id_sum
[root@localhost ~]#
#執行結果
#(1) 第一次執行結果,visitor1-visitor20全部添加,并計算出id之和
[root@localhost ~]# bash week7_4.sh Add visitor1 Add visitor2 Add visitor3 Add visitor4 Add visitor5 Add visitor6 Add visitor7 Add visitor8 Add visitor9 Add visitor10 Add visitor11 Add visitor12 Add visitor13 Add visitor14 Add visitor15 Add visitor16 Add visitor17 Add visitor18 Add visitor19 Add visitor20 Total add 20 users and sum id number is 10210 [root@localhost ~]#
#(2) 第二次執行結果,visitor1-visitor20全部已經存在,沒有添加用戶,沒有計算id之和
[root@localhost ~]# bash week7_4.sh user visitor1 exists. user visitor2 exists. user visitor3 exists. user visitor4 exists. user visitor5 exists. user visitor6 exists. user visitor7 exists. user visitor8 exists. user visitor9 exists. user visitor10 exists. user visitor11 exists. user visitor12 exists. user visitor13 exists. user visitor14 exists. user visitor15 exists. user visitor16 exists. user visitor17 exists. user visitor18 exists. user visitor19 exists. user visitor20 exists. Total add 0 users and sum id number is 0 [root@localhost ~]#
#(3) 第三次執行結果,刪除奇數結尾的visitor用戶之后,再次執行,添加了10個用戶,并計算了id之和
[root@localhost ~]# for i in $(seq 1 2 20);do userdel -r visitor$i > done [root@localhost ~]# tail /etc/passwd visitor2:x:502:502::/home/visitor2:/bin/bash visitor4:x:504:504::/home/visitor4:/bin/bash visitor6:x:506:506::/home/visitor6:/bin/bash visitor8:x:508:508::/home/visitor8:/bin/bash visitor10:x:510:510::/home/visitor10:/bin/bash visitor12:x:512:512::/home/visitor12:/bin/bash visitor14:x:514:514::/home/visitor14:/bin/bash visitor16:x:516:516::/home/visitor16:/bin/bash visitor18:x:518:518::/home/visitor18:/bin/bash visitor20:x:520:520::/home/visitor20:/bin/bash [root@localhost ~]# bash week7_4.sh Add visitor1 user visitor2 exists. Add visitor3 user visitor4 exists. Add visitor5 user visitor6 exists. Add visitor7 user visitor8 exists. Add visitor9 user visitor10 exists. Add visitor11 user visitor12 exists. Add visitor13 user visitor14 exists. Add visitor15 user visitor16 exists. Add visitor17 user visitor18 exists. Add visitor19 user visitor20 exists. Total add 10 users and sum id number is 5255 [root@localhost ~]#
原創文章，作者：JL，如若轉載，請注明出處：http://www.www58058.com/69800
贊~給出詳細的實現方式也給出了實驗結果~比較不錯~繼續加油！