網絡接口配置–Bonding

網絡接口配置–Bonding

Bonding

       就是講到快網卡綁定到同一IP地址對外服務，可以實現高可用或者負載均衡。當然，直接給兩塊網卡設置同一IP地址是不可能的。通過bonding，虛擬一塊網卡對外提供連接，物理網卡被修改為同一MAC地址。

一 Bonding 的工作模式

Mode 0 (balance-rr)

輪轉（Round-robin）策略：從頭到尾順序的在每一個slave接口上面發送數據包。本模式提供負載均衡和容錯的能力。

Mode 1 (active-backuop)

活動-備份（主備）策略：在綁定中，只有一個slave被激活，當且僅活動的slave接口失敗是才會激活其他的slave。為了避免交換機發生混亂此時綁定的MAC地址只有一個外部端口上可見。

Mode 3 (broadcast)

廣播策略：在所有的slave接口上發送所有的報文。本模式提供容錯能力。

二 Bonding配置

1 創建bonding設備的配置文件

[root@CentOS68 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
DEVICE=bond0
BOOTPROTO=none
BONDING_OPTS="miimon=100 mode=0"
IPADDR=200.200.200.200
PREFIX=24
GATEWAY=200.200.200.1

miimon是設置檢測鏈路的時間，單位為毫秒。如果miimon=100，那么系統每100毫秒檢測一側鏈路的連接狀態，如果有一條線路不通就轉入另一條線路。

mode用來指定模式

2 創建slave的配置文件

既就是要加入的網卡的配置文件，這里使用eth1、eth2兩塊網卡，下來修改兩塊網卡的配置

[root@CentOS68 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
DEVICE=eth1
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
USERCTL=0

MASTER指定測網卡屬于哪個bond。SLAVE指定從屬關系。USERCTL指定用戶是否有控制權限。

eth2和eth1配置類似

[root@CentOS68 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth2
DEVICE=eth2
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=none
MASTER=bond0
SLAVE=yes
USERCTL=0

3 重啟網絡服務

[root@CentOS68 ~]# service NetworkManager stop #centos6上不穩定，建議關閉
[root@CentOS68 ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface bond0: [ OK ]
Shutting down interface eth0: [ OK ]
Shutting down loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up loopback interface: [ OK ]
Bringing up interface bond0: Determining if ip address 200.200.200.200 is already in use for device bond0...[ OK ]
Bringing up interface eth0: Determining if ip address 192.168.29.68 is already in use for device eth0...[ OK ]

可以看到已經啟動成功，再來看下IP地址和MAC

[root@CentOS68 ~]# ip a

[……]
7: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:74:74:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
8: eth2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,SLAVE,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master bond0 state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:74:74:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
9: bond0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,MASTER,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP
link/ether 00:0c:29:74:74:45 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 200.200.200.200/24 brd 200.200.200.255 scope global bond0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe74:7445/64 scope link tentative dadfailed
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

可以看到IP地址已經生效，并且MAC地址都相同。

4 查看bond0的狀態

[root@CentOS68 ~]# cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
Ethernet Channel Bonding Driver: v3.7.1 (April 27, 2011)
Bonding Mode: load balancing (round-robin)
MII Status: up
MII Polling Interval (ms): 100
Up Delay (ms): 0
Down Delay (ms): 0
Slave Interface: eth1
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:74:74:45
Slave queue ID: 0
Slave Interface: eth2
MII Status: up
Speed: 1000 Mbps
Duplex: full
Link Failure Count: 0
Permanent HW addr: 00:0c:29:74:74:4f
Slave queue ID: 0

好了，一切都很順利

5 刪除bond

[root@CentOS68 ~]# ifconfig bond0 down
[root@CentOS68 ~]# rmmod bonding

看下是否刪除成功，

[root@CentOS68 ~]# ifconfig bond0
bond0: error fetching interface information: Device not found

已經找不到bond0，說明刪除成功。

詳細幫助：/etc/share/doc/kernel-doc-version/Documentation/networking/bonding.txt

三 nmcli實現bonding

1 添加bonding接口

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection add type bond con-name mybond0 ifname bond0 mode active-backup
Connection 'mybond0' (cc101e79-3dcb-49ee-8164-89c9e877c315) successfully added.

2添加從屬接口

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection add type bond-slave ifname ens34 master mybond0
Connection 'bond-slave-ens34' (9c8ff11a-72ef-4d63-a950-2ab777d2a1ea) successfully added.
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection add type bond-slave ifname ens38 master mybond0
Connection 'bond-slave-ens38' (c40b3e6f-32f4-4d1a-a323-aed2519cf865) successfully added.

注意：如沒有指定從屬接口連接名，則該名稱是接口名稱加類型構成

3 啟動從屬接口

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection up bond-slave-ens34
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/40)
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection up bond-slave-ens38
Connection successfully activated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/41)

4 啟動bonding 綁定

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection up mybond0
Connection successfully activated (master waiting for slaves) (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/48)

5 查看綁定

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection show
NAME UUID TYPE DEVICE
bond-slave-ens34 9c8ff11a-72ef-4d63-a950-2ab777d2a1ea 802-3-ethernet ens34
bond-slave-ens38 c40b3e6f-32f4-4d1a-a323-aed2519cf865 802-3-ethernet ens38
mybond0 cc101e79-3dcb-49ee-8164-89c9e877c315 bond bond0

6 添加IP地址

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection modify mybond0 ipv4.method manual ipv4.addresses 200.1.1.1/24

7 刪除bond綁定

（1）關閉bond

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection down mybond0
Connection 'mybond0' successfully deactivated (D-Bus active path: /org/freedesktop/NetworkManager/ActiveConnection/18)

（2）刪除bond

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection delete mybond0
Connection 'mybond0' (9ed2f027-bbb1-44d1-87fc-7f7275d7fe70) successfully deleted.

（3）刪除從屬接口

[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection delete bond-slave-ens34
Connection 'bond-slave-ens34' (a46ad620-d4b5-43f9-a73a-447785504a17) successfully deleted.
[root@centos7 ~]# nmcli connection delete bond-slave-ens38
Connection 'bond-slave-ens38' (66b1f44d-ad71-4576-8061-f6cba2b976e8) successfully deleted.

好了