RabbitMQ簡介：
1、是實現AMQP（高級消息隊列協議）的消息中間件的一種。
2、主要是為了實現系統之間的雙向解耦而實現的。當生產者大量產生數據時，消費者無法快速消費，那么需要一個中間層。保存這個數據。
一般提到 RabbitMQ 和消息，都會用到以下一些專有名詞：
（1）生產(Producing)意思就是發送。發送消息的程序就是一個生產者(producer)。我們一般用 “P” 來表示。
（2）隊列(queue)就是郵箱的名稱。消息通過你的應用程序和 RabbitMQ 進行傳輸，它們能夠只存儲在一個隊列（queue）中。 隊列（queue）沒有任何限制，你要存儲多少消息都可以——基本上是一個無限的緩沖。多個生產者（producers）能夠把消息發送給同一個隊列，同樣，多個消費者（consumers）也能夠從同一個隊列（queue）中獲取數據。
（3）消費（Consuming）和獲取消息是一樣的意思。一個消費者（consumer）就是一個等待獲取消息的程序。
那么開始了解一下 RabbitMQ 在centos7下的安裝于運用吧
1.準備機器,做好域名解析,主機名解析,時間同步
192.168.42.151 node2 [haproxy] 192.168.42.152 node3 [rabbitmq master] 192.168.42.153 node4 [rabbitmq slave]
node2上操作:
vim /etc/hosts 192.168.42.151 node2 192.168.42.152 node3 192.168.42.153 node4 hostnamectl set-hostname node2
rabbitmq依賴短格式的主機名,因此我們需要配置主機名并加入hosts解析
每個節點都要配置哦,因此我們把node2上的hosts推送到node3,node4上
scp /etc/hosts 192.168.42.152:/etc/ scp /etc/hosts 192.168.42.153:/etc/
node3上操作:
hostnamectl set-hostname node3
node4上操作:
hostnamectl set-hostname node4
2.安裝rabbitmq
node3上操作:
(1).安裝rabbitmq
yum install rabbitmq-server -y [root@node4 ~]# cd /etc/rabbitmq/ [root@node4 rabbitmq]# ls rabbitmq.config
默認只有rabbitmq.config的配置文件
(3).啟動rabbitmq-management管理
我們啟用WEB管理。
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management [root@node3 rabbitmq]# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management The following plugins have been enabled: mochiweb webmachine rabbitmq_web_dispatch amqp_client rabbitmq_management_agent rabbitmq_management Plugin configuration has changed. Restart RabbitMQ for changes to take effect. cd /etc/rabbitmq/ [root@node3 rabbitmq]# ls enabled_plugins rabbitmq.config
再次查看/etc/rabbitmq/,可以看到生成了一個enabled_pluginsd的配置文件
(3).啟動rabbitmq
systemctl start rabbitmq-server
查看一下狀態
[root@node3 ~]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:4369 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:15672 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:25672 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::4369 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 0 128 :::5672 :::*
3.去瀏覽器中訪問測試一把:
默認賬戶密碼 guest/guest
http://192.168.42.152:15672/ 可以進入管理界面了
node4 同上
4.把node3,node4組成集群
我們先來查看一下這兩個節點的集群狀態
node3:
[root@node3 rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl cluster_status
Cluster status of node rabbit@node3 ...
[{nodes,[{disc,[rabbit@node3]}]},
{running_nodes,[rabbit@node3]},
{cluster_name,<<"rabbit@node3">>},
{partitions,[]}]
...done.
node4:
[root@node4 ~]# rabbitmqctl cluster_status
Cluster status of node rabbit@node4 ...
[{nodes,[{disc,[rabbit@node4]}]},
{running_nodes,[rabbit@node4]},
{cluster_name,<<"rabbit@node4">>},
{partitions,[]}]
...done.
我們讓node3作為主節點 (1).停掉主節點的應用
[root@node3 rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl stop_app Stopping node rabbit@node3 ... ...done.
(2).添加集群節點(指cluster_name)
rabbitmqctl join_cluster rabbit@node4 Clustering node rabbit@node3 with rabbit@node4 ... Error: unable to connect to nodes [rabbit@node4]: nodedown DIAGNOSTICS =========== attempted to contact: [rabbit@node4] rabbit@node4: * connected to epmd (port 4369) on node4 * epmd reports node 'rabbit' running on port 25672 * TCP connection succeeded but Erlang distribution failed * suggestion: hostname mismatch? * suggestion: is the cookie set correctly? current node details: - node name: rabbitmqctl7692@node3 - home dir: /var/lib/rabbitmq - cookie hash: BbXCvnYxz/Q/iwctrCP/bQ==
會發現報錯,告訴我們cookie信息不一致,因此我們需要把作為主節點的cookie信息推送到各個從節點上
cookie信息放在/var/lib/rabbitmq/下,我們cd進去,查看一下子
cd /var/lib/rabbitmq/ [root@node3 rabbitmq]# ll -a total 8 drwxr-x--- 3 rabbitmq rabbitmq 42 Jun 29 16:24 . drwxr-xr-x. 27 root root 4096 Jun 29 16:23 .. -r-------- 1 rabbitmq rabbitmq 20 Jun 29 00:00 .erlang.cookie drwxr-xr-x 4 rabbitmq rabbitmq 85 Jun 29 17:13 mnesia
(3).推送cookie信息,并保證權限400及屬主屬組是rabbitmq 如下:
-r-------- 1 rabbitmq rabbitmq 20 Jun 29 21:14 .erlang.cookie
使用scp命令推送cookie
scp -rp .erlang.cookie 192.168.42.153:/var/lib/rabbitmq/
然后，我們再執行
rabbitmqctl join_cluster rabbit@node4 [root@node3 rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl join_cluster rabbit@node4 Clustering node rabbit@node3 with rabbit@node4 ... ...done.
可見我們的集群成功了
查看一下狀態:
[root@node3 rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl cluster_status
Cluster status of node rabbit@node3 ...
[{nodes,[{disc,[rabbit@node3,rabbit@node4]}]}]
...done.
可以看到有兩個節點添加進去了
(4).最后啟動我們關閉的節點應用
[root@node3 rabbitmq]# rabbitmqctl start_app Starting node rabbit@node3 ... ...done.
(5).去瀏覽器訪問兩個
http://192.168.42.152:15672 http://192.168.42.153:15672
都可以看到有兩個node3,node4的信息 至此我們的rabbitmq集群,高可用已經做好了
5.用haproxy實現node3,node4的rabbitmq 負載均衡
在node2上操作:
(1).haproxy的安裝
yum install haproxy -y
(2).配置haproxy
配置文件如下:
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Example configuration for a possible web application. See the
# full configuration options online.
#
# http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt
#
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
# to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
# need to:
#
# 1) configure syslog to accept network log events. This is done
# by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
# file. A line like the following can be added to
# /etc/sysconfig/syslog
#
# local2.* /var/log/haproxy.log
#
log 127.0.0.1 local2
chroot /var/lib/haproxy
pidfile /var/run/haproxy.pid
maxconn 4000
user haproxy
group haproxy
daemon
# turn on stats unix socket
stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
defaults
mode tcp
log global
option httplog
option dontlognull
option http-server-close
option forwardfor except 127.0.0.0/8
option redispatch
retries 3
timeout http-request 10s
timeout queue 1m
timeout connect 10s
timeout client 1m
timeout server 1m
timeout http-keep-alive 10s
timeout check 10s
maxconn 3000
listen http_front
bind *:1080 #監聽端口
mode http
stats refresh 30s #統計頁面自動刷新時間
stats uri /haproxy?status #統計頁面url
stats realm Haproxy Manager #統計頁面密碼框上提示文本
stats auth admin:admin #統計頁面用戶名和密碼設置
#stats hide-version #隱藏統計頁面上HAProxy的版本信息
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# main frontend which proxys to the backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
frontend rabbitmq_web
bind *:15672
default_backend websrvs
frontend rabbitmq_server
bind *:5672
default_backend servers
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# static backend for serving up images, stylesheets and such
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend websrvs
balance roundrobin
server node3 192.168.42.152:15672 check
server node4 192.168.42.153:15672 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend servers
balance roundrobin
server node3 192.168.42.152:5672 check
server node4 192.168.42.153:5672 check
(3)啟動haproxy
systemctl start haproxy [root@node2 haproxy]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 3000 *:15672 *:* LISTEN 0 3000 *:1080 *:* LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:* LISTEN 0 3000 *:5672 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
(4).去瀏覽器訪問
http://192.168.42.151:15672/ 可以看到rabbitmq的web界面
http://192.168.42.151:1080/haproxy?status 可以看到haproxy的監控界面
原創文章，作者：srayban，如若轉載，請注明出處：http://www.www58058.com/78877
