1、復制/etc/skel目錄為/home/tuser1,要求/home/tuser1及其內部文件的屬組和其他用戶均沒有任何權限
[root@localhost skel]# cp -r /etc/skel /home/tuser1 [root@localhost skel]# ls -al /home/tuser1 total 12 drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 70 Jul 19 22:39 . drwxr-xr-x. 9 root root 100 Jul 19 22:38 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18 Jul 19 22:38 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 193 Jul 19 22:38 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 231 Jul 19 22:38 .bashrc drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 59 Jul 19 22:39 skel [root@localhost ~]# chmod -R go= /home/tuser1 [root@localhost ~]# ls -la /home/tuser1 total 16 drwx------. 3 root root 70 Jul 19 22:39 . drwxr-xr-x. 14 root root 4096 Jul 20 00:51 .. -rw-------. 1 root root 18 Jul 19 22:38 .bash_logout -rw-------. 1 root root 193 Jul 19 22:38 .bash_profile -rw-------. 1 root root 231 Jul 19 22:38 .bashrc drwx------. 2 root root 59 Jul 19 22:39 ske
2、編輯/etc/group文件，添加組Hadoop
[root@localhost skel]# nano /etc/group GNU nano 2.3.1 File: /etc/group entadmin:x:5002:test test2:x:4003: distro:x:2016: mageia:x:1100: admins:x:5003:slackware mariadb:x:994: magedu:x:5000:gentoo,fedora fedora:x:4005: hadoop:x:5004:
3、手動編輯/etc/passwd文件新增一行，添加用戶hadoop，其基本組為hadoop，其家目錄為/home/hadoop
[root@localhost ~]# nano /etc/passwd GNU nano 2.3.1 File: /etc/passwd test:x:4001:1000:shijl,hs,110,119:/var/tmp/gentoo:/bin/bash fedors:x:4002:4002:Fedora Core:/home/fedors:/bin/tcsh test2:x:4003:4003::/home/test2:/bin/bash mageia:x:1100:1100::/home/linux:/bin/bash slackware:x:2002:2016::/home/slackware:/bin/tcsh mariadb:x:996:994::/home/mariadb:/sbin/nologin gentoo:x:4004:1000::/users/gentoo:/bin/bash fedora:x:4005:4005::/users/fedora:/bin/bash hadoop:x:5004:5004::/home/hadoop:/bin/bash
4、復制/etc/skel目錄為/home/hadoop,要求修改hadoop目錄的屬組和其它用戶沒有任何訪問權限
[root@localhost ~]# cp -r /etc/skel /home/hadoop [root@localhost ~]# chmod go= /home/hadoop [root@localhost ~]# ls -dl /home/hadoop/ drwx------. 2 root root 59 Jul 19 23:16 /home/hadoop/
5、修改/home/hadoop目錄及其內部所有文件的屬主為hadoop,屬組為hadoop
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R hadoop:hadoop /home/hadoop [root@localhost ~]# ls -ld /home/hadoop/ drwx------. 2 hadoop hadoop 59 Jul 19 23:16 /home/hadoop/ [root@localhost ~]# ls -al /home/hadoop/ total 16 drwx------. 2 hadoop hadoop 59 Jul 19 23:16 . drwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 4096 Jul 19 23:16 .. -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 18 Jul 19 23:16 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 193 Jul 19 23:16 .bash_profile -rw-r--r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 231 Jul 19 23:16 .bashrc
6、顯示/proc/meminfo文件中以大寫或小寫S開頭的行，用兩種方式
[root@localhost ~]# grep "^[sS]" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 6844 kB Slab: 64964 kB SReclaimable: 26088 kB SUnreclaim: 38876 kB [root@localhost ~]# grep -i "^s" /proc/meminfo SwapCached: 0 kB SwapTotal: 2097148 kB SwapFree: 2097148 kB Shmem: 6844 kB Slab: 64964 kB SReclaimable: 26088 kB SUnreclaim: 38876 kB
7、顯示/etc/passwd文件中其默認shell為非/sbin/nologin的用戶
[root@localhost ~]# grep -v "/sbin/nologin$" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root sync shutdown halt test fedors test2 mageia slackware gentoo fedora hadoop
8、顯示/etc/passwd文件中其默認shell為/bin/bash的用戶
[root@localhost ~]# grep "/bin/bash$" /etc/passwd | cut -d: -f1 root test test2 mageia gentoo fedora hadoop
9、找出/etc/passwd文件中的一位數或兩位數
[root@localhost ~]# grep "\<[0-9]\{1,2\}\>" /etc/passwd
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
bin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologin
daemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologin
adm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologin
lp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin
sync:x:5:0:sync:/sbin:/bin/sync
shutdown:x:6:0:shutdown:/sbin:/sbin/shutdown
halt:x:7:0:halt:/sbin:/sbin/halt
mail:x:8:12:mail:/var/spool/mail:/sbin/nologin
operator:x:11:0:operator:/root:/sbin/nologin
games:x:12:100:games:/usr/games:/sbin/nologin
ftp:x:14:50:FTP User:/var/ftp:/sbin/nologin
nobody:x:99:99:Nobody:/:/sbin/nologin
dbus:x:81:81:System message bus:/:/sbin/nologin
tss:x:59:59:Account used by the trousers package to sandbox the tcsd daemon:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin
postfix:x:89:89::/var/spool/postfix:/sbin/nologin
sshd:x:74:74:Privilege-separated SSH:/var/empty/sshd:/sbin/nologin
10、顯示/boot/grub2/grub.cfg中以至少一個空白字符開頭的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep "^[[:space:]]\+" /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
load_env
set default="${next_entry}"
set next_entry=
save_env next_entry
set boot_once=true
set default="${saved_entry}"
menuentry_id_option="--id"
menuentry_id_option=""
set saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}"
save_env saved_entry
set prev_saved_entry=
save_env prev_saved_entry
set boot_once=true
if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
saved_entry="${chosen}"
save_env saved_entry
fi
if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
insmod all_video
else
insmod efi_gop
insmod efi_uga
insmod ieee1275_fb
11、顯示/etc/rc.d/rc.local文件中以#開頭后面跟至少一個空白字符，而后又有至少一個非空白字符的行
[root@localhost ~]# grep "^#[[:space:]]\+[^[:space:]]\+" /etc/rc.d/rc.local # THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES # It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules # to run scripts during boot instead of using this file. # In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot # this script will NOT be run after all other services. # Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure # that this script will be executed during boot.
12、打出netstat -tan命令執行結果中以“LISTEN“，后或跟空白字符結尾的行
[root@localhost ~]# netstat -tan | grep "LISTEN[[:space:]]*$" tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN
13、添加用戶bash，testbash，basher，nologin（此一個用戶的shell為/sbin/nologin）,而后找出當前系統上其用戶名和默認shell相同的用戶的信息
[root@localhost ~]# useradd bash [root@localhost ~]# useradd testbash [root@localhost ~]# useradd basher [root@localhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nologin [root@localhost ~]# grep "\(nologin\).*\1" /etc/passwd nologin:x:5008:5008::/home/nologin:/sbin/nologin
原創文章，作者：N27_shijinlong，如若轉載，請注明出處：http://www.www58058.com/81918
總結的不錯，第一題、第四題和第五題可以歸納為一類題目來做，后面可以多總結；繼續加油~