RHEL7.4 192.168.100.1 作為時間服務器,其它主機到這臺來同步時間。
時間服務器安裝及配置:
#yum install chrony –RHEL7默認已安裝chrony,而沒有安裝ntpd.
#systemctl status chronyd –查看chronyd服務狀態
#systemctl enable chronyd –開機啟動
#vi /etc/chrony.conf??? –修改配置文件
#server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst?? –注釋這4行,由于是內網環境,所以無法跟外部時間服務器進行時間同步。 #server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 3.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst server 192.168.100.1 iburst??? –添加這一行,表示與本機同步時間local stratum 10??? –該行取消注釋 # Allow NTP client access from local network. |
#systemctl restart chronyd –修改完配置文件后,重啟chronyd服務
[root@rhel1 ~]# netstat -antulp | grep chronyd udp??????? 0????? 0 0.0.0.0:123???????????? 0.0.0.0:*?????????????????????????? 705/chronyd udp??????? 0????? 0 127.0.0.1:323?????????? 0.0.0.0:*?????????????????????????? 705/chronyd udp6?????? 0????? 0 ::1:323???????????????? :::*??????????????????????????????? 705/chronyd |
1.顯示系統的當前時間和日期
timedatectl
# timedatectl status
# 兩條命令效果等同
[root@rhel1 ~]# timedatectl Local time: Sat 2017-10-07 10:55:22 CST Universal time: Sat 2017-10-07 02:55:22 UTC RTC time: Sat 2017-10-07 02:55:22 Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800) NTP enabled: no NTP synchronized: yes RTC in local TZ: no DST active: n/a |
注意NTP synchronized值,只有時間服務器自己同步完成時間之后,才能為其它服務器提供時間同步服務。
2.設置日期與時間
timedatectl set-time “YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS”
timedatectl set-time “YYYY-MM-DD”
timedatectl set-time “HH:MM:SS”
3.查看所有可用的時區
timedatectl list-timezones
# 亞洲
timedatectl list-timezones |? grep? -E “Asia/S.*”
4.設置時區
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
5.設置硬件時間
# 硬件時間默認為UTC
timedatectl set-local-rtc 1
# hwclock –systohc –localtime
# 兩條命令效果等同
6.啟用NTP時間同步
timedatectl set-ntp yes
# yes或no; 1或0也可以
問題:不明白這里啟用ntp時間同步有啥意義。難道是說可以在時間服務器上都安裝chronyd和ntpd服務來同時提供時間服務嗎????如果設置為yes,手動設置時間則報錯。看本文結尾。
7、查看時間源信息
[root@rhel1 ~]# chronyc sources 210 Number of sources = 1 MS Name/IP address???????? Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample =============================================================================== ^* rhel1.rusky.com????????????? 10?? 7?? 377?? 22m? -3603ns[? -19us] +/-?? 32us [root@rhel1 ~]# chronyc sources -v 210 Number of sources = 1.– Source mode? ‘^’ = server, ‘=’ = peer, ‘#’ = local clock. / .- Source state ‘*’ = current synced, ‘+’ = combined , ‘-‘ = not combined, | /?? ‘?’ = unreachable, ‘x’ = time may be in error, ‘~’ = time too variable. ||???????????????????????????????????????????????? .- xxxx [ yyyy ] +/- zzzz ||????? Reachability register (octal) -.?????????? |? xxxx = adjusted offset, ||????? Log2(Polling interval) –.????? |????????? |? yyyy = measured offset, ||??????????????????????????????? \???? |????????? |? zzzz = estimated error. ||???????????????????????????????? |??? |?????????? \ MS Name/IP address???????? Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample =============================================================================== ^* rhel1.rusky.com????????????? 10?? 7?? 377?? 22m? -3603ns[? -19us] +/-?? 32us [root@rhel1 ~]# |
客戶端時間同步配置:
1.yum install chrony –y
2.修改配置文件
[root@rhel2 ~]# vi /etc/chrony.conf # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project. # Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html). #server 0.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst? –注釋這4行 #server 1.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 2.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst #server 3.rhel.pool.ntp.org iburst server 192.168.100.1 iburst??? —添加該行,表示到這臺服務器去同步時間。 |
3.重啟chronyd并設置開機啟動
[root@rhel2 ~]# systemctl restart chronyd.service
[root@rhel2 ~]# systemctl enable chronyd.service
4. 查看時間同步狀態
[root@rhel2 ~]# timedatectl Local time: Sat 2017-10-07 11:15:43 CST Universal time: Sat 2017-10-07 03:15:43 UTC RTC time: Sat 2017-10-07 03:02:26 Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800) NTP enabled: no NTP synchronized: yes?? –為yes表示已同步 RTC in local TZ: no DST active: n/a |
重啟chronyd服務后,需要過幾分鐘才會自動完成同步。
如果需要手動,可使用下面的命令:
#ntpdate 192.168.100.1 ? 如果同步失敗,則可能 是服務端的時間未同步。即服務端NTP synchronized 為no。
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手動修改時間時,必須把NTP enabled 設置為no.
[root@rhel1 ~]# date Sun Oct? 8 11:00:51 CST 2017 [root@rhel1 ~]# timedatectl Local time: Sat 2017-10-07 11:31:45 CST Universal time: Sat 2017-10-07 03:31:45 UTC RTC time: Sun 2017-10-08 03:01:57 Time zone: Asia/Shanghai (CST, +0800) NTP enabled: no NTP synchronized: no RTC in local TZ: no DST active: n/a |
如果把NTP enabled 修改為yes時,表示開啟自動同步時間,此時,是不能手動修改時間的。
如果為No時,表示關閉自動同步時間。
[root@rhel1 ~]# timedatectl set-ntp yes
[root@rhel1 ~]# timedatectl set-time “2017-10-08 11:00:50”
Failed to set time: Automatic time synchronization is enabled
[root@rhel1 ~]# timedatectl set-ntp no
[root@rhel1 ~]# timedatectl set-time “2017-10-08 11:00:50”
[root@rhel1 ~]# date
Sun Oct? 8 11:00:51 CST 2017
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